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LBaaS: How to launch a Layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS) Load Balancer

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IP ServerOne now offers cloud-based Load Balancer as a Service (LBaaS) in Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong.

You can use LBaaS to improve your app’s performance and availability. Choose between Layer 4 (TCP) or Layer 7 (HTTP/HTTPS) load balancers that match your app’s needs. For guidance on choosing the right load balancer, visit our website here

Content

1      Overview
2 Prerequisite
3 Instructions (Step 1 to 9)
4 To modify your HTTP/HTTPS load balancer’s settings 
5 Tips:

Understanding Port to Listen

Understanding Load Balancer Algorithms

Understanding Session Stickiness

 

Overview

This tutorial will guide through launching your HTTP/HTTPS Load Balancer via the Customer Portal.

Prerequisite

Instructions

Step 1: Once logged in, click on NovaCloud and dropdown to Load Balancers.

Step 2: Choose your desired deployment region (Malaysia, Singapore, or Hong Kong), and then click the Create Load Balancer button.

Step 3: Choose to deploy your load balancer from either Basic Creation or Advanced Creation.

The key difference is: 

  • Basic Creation makes deploying a TCP load balancer easy. Just specify the traffic type and add target servers with their IP addresses and ports.
  • Advanced Creation offers more detailed configurations, including ports and backends, from the start.

No need to worry, though. With Basic Creation, you can still make detailed changes after the load balancer is deployed.

Step 4: Select your load balancer plan.

Step 5: Provide a name for your load balancer, select the load balancer type (Network or Application layer for TCP or HTTP/S). By default, ports 80 and 443 will be activated.

Step 6: Pick the SSL certificate you want for encrypting traffic on port 443. You can choose a self-signed certificate or use your own.

Insert the SSL Certificate and Private Key should you select “Use own certificate” to proceed.

How-to Tips:

 

Step 7: Configuring the HTTP/HTTPS Load Balancer

  • Provide a name for your server.
  • Enter the server’s IP address and port number.
  • Select HTTP/S Check to enable both active and passive health checking for your server, ensuring that traffic is directed to servers that are healthy and responsive.

**An HTTP/HTTPS health check is a way to regularly check if web servers are working correctly by sending a simple request to a server and expecting a response, including the HTTP status code and the content of the response body. If the server responds as expected, it’s considered healthy. If not, it’s marked as unhealthy, and client requests are directed to healthier servers. This helps keep web services reliable and responsive.

  • Optionally, you can add multiple backend servers by clicking the Add Server button.

Step 8: Clicking on the Create Load Balancer button triggers the system to start provisioning the load balancer server, indicated by the Creating status.

Step 9: After the load balancer has been provisioned, its status will change to Active.

– Step End


 

Note: To monitor data transfer or make configuration adjustments, or adding backend servers, simply click on your load balancer’s name.

 


 

To modify your HTTP/HTTPS load balancer’s settings

You can make modifications to the following:

  • Port Configuration
  • Health Checks
  • Backends

 

Step 1: Navigate to the CONFIGURATIONS tab and select the configuration you wish to modify by clicking its name.

Step 2: Port Configuration

For HTTP/HTTPS load balancers, you can make changes to the Port to Listen, Port Protocol, Session Stickiness, Algorithm, and Certificate Type you prefer.

Step 3: Health Checks

You can adjust the health check setting by selecting either HTTP Status or HTTP Body.

Step 4: Backends

You can adjust or add new backend servers to your existing load balancers.

  • Current Backends: You can modify the Name, IP Address, Port, and Weight settings within your HTTP/HTTPS load balancer configurations.

  • New Backends: You can add new backend servers by entering the Name, IP Address, Port, and Weight within your HTTP/HTTPS load balancer configurations.

– Step End

 


Tips

Understanding Port to Listen:

In simple terms, “port to listen” refers to a specific entry point on a computer or server where it waits for incoming data or requests from other devices on a network. It’s like a mailbox or a designated spot where messages or data arrive, and the computer is ready to process them. Each type of service or application often uses a specific port to make sure the right data goes to the right place on the computer. 

Here are some commonly used ports for your reference:

Commonly used ports   – 80: HTTP (unencrypted web traffic)

  – 443: HTTPS (secure web traffic)

  – 21: FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

  – 22: SSH (Secure Shell)

  – 25: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

  – 110: POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3)

  – 143: IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)

  – 53: DNS (Domain Name System)

  – 3306: MySQL database

  – 3389: RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)

  – 137-139: NetBIOS (File and print sharing)

  – 23: Telnet (unencrypted remote access)

  – 119: NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol)

  – 69: TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

  – 161-162: SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

Registered Ports   – 8080: HTTP Alternate (alternative HTTP port)

  – 1433: MSSQL (Microsoft SQL Server)

  – 1521: Oracle database

  – 3306: MySQL (alternative usage)

  – 5432: PostgreSQL database

  – 5900: VNC (Virtual Network Computing)

  – 54321: Proxy Trojan (commonly used by malware)

  – 5060-5061: SIP (Session Initiation Protocol, VoIP)

Dynamic and/or Private Ports From 49152 to 65535

 

Understanding Load Balancer Algorithms:

Round-Robin Least Connections Source
Description Distributes incoming requests equally to backend servers in a sequential order. Sends non-sticky requests to the backend server with the fewest active connections. Ensures that specific client or request traffic is consistently directed to the same available backend server.
Load Distribution Even distribution Based on connections Customized based on source 
Affinity (Session Stickiness) No No Yes
Complexity Easy Moderate Moderate
Persistence No Yes Yes
Response Time Can vary depending on server order Typically efficient Typically efficient
Predictability Can be predictable Moderate predictability Moderate predictability
Resource Utilization Resource-efficient Efficient Efficient
Network Topology Suitable for various network layouts Suitable for varying server capacities Applicable to specific network configurations
Compatibility Works well distributing request traffic to many servers with similar specifications. Adapts well to servers with varying capacities, making it versatile for different server setups. Ideal for e-commerce or shopping apps by directing customer requests back to specific servers (ensuring session stickiness). 
Limitations Doesn’t consider server load or responsiveness, leading to uneven traffic distribution when servers differ in capacity. Not ideal for scenarios with short or long-lived connections where connection count doesn’t reflect server load. May cause uneven server workloads when many connections from clients are concentrated on a single source IP.

 

Understanding Load Balancer Session Stickiness:

Table Cookie
Purpose Routing and session management Session management and sticky sessions
Functionality     

  • Stores data about client-server interactions.
  • Keeps track of client IP addresses, session IDs, etc.
  • Enables intelligent routing decisions based on data.
  • Used for session persistence and content-based routing.
  • Small piece of data sent to the client’s web browser.
  • Contains information to identify the client.
  • Ensures requests from the same client go to the same server.
  • Used for maintaining session state in stateful applications.

 

For more info about IP ServerOne’s Load Balancer as a Service, visit ipserverone.com.