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Introduction

Linux, being a multi-user operating system, incorporates a robust permissions system. File permissions are crucial for controlling the level of interaction users or groups can have with files and directories. Understanding and managing these permissions are essential for maintaining security and operational functionality. This guide will walk you through the process of changing file permissions in Linux using the chmod command.

Prerequisites

• Access to a Linux terminal.
• Basic understanding of Linux commands.
• The file or directory for which you want to change permissions.
• Appropriate permissions to modify the file or directory permissions (typically requires root or sudo access for system files or directories).

Detailed Steps

1. Access server: You need to access the server by using SSH.

2. View Current Permissions: Before changing permissions, it’s helpful to view the current settings. Use the ls -l command followed by the file or directory name. For example:

ls -l <file>

This command will display the current permissions, along with other information such as the owner and group.

3. Use the chmod Command: Change the permissions by using the chmod command. Permissions can be set either by using symbolic notation (e.g., r, w, x) or numeric notation (e.g., 644, 755).

Symbolic Notation:

To add write permission for the owner, use:

chmod u+w <file>

Numeric Notation:

To set read and write permissions for the owner, and read-only for group and others, use:

chmod 644 <file>

4. Verify the Changes: Use the ls -l command again to ensure the permissions have been updated as intended.

Conclusion

Changing file permissions in Linux is a fundamental skill that enhances your system’s security and functionality. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can effectively manage file and directory permissions on your Linux system. Remember to operate with caution when modifying permissions, especially for system files and directories, to avoid unintended access or system issues.

For additional assistance or if you encounter any issues, please contact our support team at support@ipserverone.com.